The Story
The apparitions, Juan Diego and the Tilma.
The story of Our Lady of Guadalupe tells of a miraculous apparition of the Virgin Mary in 1531 on Tepeyac Hill in Mexico. She appeared to an indigenous peasant, Juan Diego, introducing herself as the Mother of God and all humanity. She asked Juan to request that a shrine be built in her honor at the site. When Juan Diego relayed the message to Archbishop Juan de Zumárraga, the Archbishop dismissed him and asked for proof. The Virgin appeared again and instructed Juan to collect flowers from the hilltop, even though it was winter. Miraculously, Juan found a variety of exotic flowers, including Castilian roses, which did not grow in Mexico. He gathered them in his tilma (cloak) and brought them to the Archbishop. Upon opening the tilma, the flowers fell, revealing a miraculous image of the Virgin Mary imprinted on the fabric. This tilma, still preserved today, became the most sacred religious object in Mexico. The story was documented in the Nahuatl language by scholar Antonio Valeriano after 1556. The Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe, built on the site of the apparition, now attracts over 20 million pilgrims each year. In 1990, Pope John Paul II beatified Juan Diego, and he was canonized as a Saint in 2000.